An immunoassay (IA) is a biochemical test that measures the presence or concentration of a macromolecule or a small molecule in a solution through the use of an antibody (usually) or an antigen (sometimes).
Molecular diagnostics is a collection of techniques used to analyze biological markers in the genome and proteome. In the medical laboratory, molecular techniques are designed for the handling and analysis of the nucleic acids, DNA and ribonucleic acid (RNA).